I have made my own vanilla extract, without sweetener and I am interested in making others like hazelnut, almond, lemon, mint, etc. The recipes I have found call for vodka and sugar, honey, simple syrup, sweetener, etc.
Is sugar a required ingredient for effective extraction? I assume the sweetener and its amount should be the responsibility of the recipe calling for said extract. Then again, I do not know, maybe the sweetener is added to the extract to off set known bitters?
This Question and Answer leads me to believe that with liquor based extract adding sugar may be a bit of folklore?
Best Answer
It's been a while since I did the research before writing the answer you quote, but based on my recollection (and what I know about the science) is that sugar is not required.
Sugar is mostly used to maximize flavor extraction in some cases where a sugary final product is desired, as in traditional production of some liqueurs. But since extracts are not generally "sweetened," there's no sugar requirement.
However, it may serve various functions when present, perhaps including:
A quick web search brings up a number of recipes for the kind of extracts you mention which involve no sugar. So it's definitely feasible.
On a related note, most commercial liqueurs are generally manufactured by steeping the other ingredients in alcohol first, then adding sugar after steeping and straining. (There are various processing and convenience reasons why this is done, and the minor flavor extraction loss is generally not considered significant enough to require sugar to be used in the steep.) So it's definitely possible and common to extract significant flavor without sugar, even if you planned to add sugar later.
Will there be some flavor differences in the resulting extract? Possibly, but the extract should still be fine.