What’s the proper way to dispose of used fats & oils

I would do it the other way round, I'd fry the sausages first, then add the veg. This has a few benefits as I see it:-

• The sausages will brown more evenly, purely aesthetic but some people will think they are not cooked if they are not brown.
• You'll get the oil out of the sausages so you'll have a better idea of how much oil to add when you add the veg, if any.
• The veg will sweat down in the sausage oil which is likely to be much nicer than the other oil
• You can cook the sausages on a really low heat to start with so that they really get sticky and caramelised, then when you add the veg back in you can add a spoon of water/vinegar/stock to deglaze the pan an get that lovely sticky sausage goodness all over your veggies, which will be delicious.

You could optionally take the cooked sausages out of the pan and do the veg separately, or keep 'em in there, I'd probably take them out so I could turn the heat up a bit without having to worry about the sausages.

I'd say that when you do add the veg you want a thin (1mm ish) layer of oil in the pan. Depending on the pan this is probably a tables spoon or 2. You probably don't need to scale up as if you are cooking a bigger batch you will probably use a bigger pan, and so a similar depth of oil should suffice. If you are using the same pan, but with a deeper amount of veg, then I would add a little more, but I would make the depth of oil in the pan proportional to the depth of veggies.

Remember the golden rule. You can always add, you can never take away. And once the veg start to cook down and the volume decreases then the oil ratio will be higher, so start out with a little less than you think, just enough to coat the veg when tossed in it.

Part one:

Yes, put oil in first then put on a low/med heat. Generally cast iron should be heated gently, depending on your stove it should probably take about 5 minutes to get to a good temperature. The oil shouldnt evaporate - I've never experienced this. As to the type of oil - I use various depending on circumstance vegetable or olive usually.

Part two:

I generally shake the pan gently - when the oil becomes more less viscous (more runny) then it is at a good temperature to start cooking. You can also put something like a small piece of onion or bread into the oil - if it starts bubbling and generally cooking then its good to go. Some people use a couple of drops of water to see when it spits but I dont like doing this partly due to the safety factor and also due to the fact itll splatter over the stove top.

It depends a little on what you are cooking - if you are looking to brown some meat for example you'd probably want it a little hotter than if you were just going to make vegetable soup.