Drywall – Can paper tape be used with any type of plaster

I know this isn't the answer you want to hear, but I don't think priming and painting will hide the tape.

Before you apply any more primer, I'd add another thicker coat of mud. Slather on the mud thick first - it doesn't have to be smooth. Then smooth it out by angling your 12" knife so it's almost parallel with the drywall as you drag it along the surface. You'll have to press fairly firmly in order to avoid air gaps appearing in the thick coat you're smoothing out.

You may have to get a feel for it. If you push too hard and can see the tape again, redo that section until you get it just right.

Wait for the thicker coat to dry, then sand the edges as smooth as you can get them. Very carefully/lightly sand over area covering the tape if you didn't get it quite smooth. You may need to do a second coat along both sides of the thicker coat to make it join the drywall surface smoothly.

Short answer: Yes.

Long answer: How

1. Use a utility or x-acto knife to cut away enough of the paper that you get a nice clean edge that isn't pulled away from the underlying gypsum.
2. Use a very small amount of joint compound and a 6" putty knife to apply a nice thin coat of joint compound over the damaged area. Don't use too little - a little too much is easy to fix, too little isn't.
3. Allow to dry until it's firm to the touch.
4. Use a clean damp sponge to smooth the surface of the patch down to a nice clean finish.
5. Let dry completely.
6. Prime!!! Always prime fresh joint compound or the paint won't stick.
7. Touch up with existing paint color.