If no breaker is tripped and all gfci outlets are ok, then it is likely that these outlets and fixtures are fed from another outlet or fixture and the connection there is problematic.
It sounds as if you have little experience with wiring, and aluminum wiring poses a special set of issues. Connections between aluminum wiring and copper based devices often are problematic unless special techniques are used to ensure good permanent connections.
This sounds like a project for a professional electrician to trace the break in the circuit and ensure that all aluminum connections are sound and safe.
Probably, this: Modern Code says bathroom receptacle circuits must either a) power only loads in that bathroom, or b) power receptacles only in any bathroom. And those receptacles must be GFCI protected.
My guess is your builder chose option (b), and installed a GFCI circuit breaker on that circuit, and put "GFCI protected" stickers on the bathroom receptacles. Second, the homeowner tore off those stickers because they're ugly. Third, they sold the house and some idiot real estate agent said "these don't look like GFCI receptacles, upgrade" and they did.
So now you have a GFCI (breaker) feeding a GFCI (outlet) possibly feeding another GFCI (outlet). This is like an Escher drawing or a "yo dawg" meme. Any ground fault or test will trip all of them up the chain. Worse, some cheap GFCIs trip when power is disconnected! So you must reset them in the correct sequence down the chain.
Go down to your breaker panel and I bet you find a breaker marked "bathroom" that has a "TEST" button on it. (If there isn't a RESET, it is accomplished by turning the breaker off and on.)
Then, try resetting each of your downstream GFCIs. Presumably one more will reset that wouldn't reset before. Then find the next that will reset, etc.
For any GFCI, if this GFCI causes another GFCI to trip, then replace this GFCI with a plain receptacle with a "GFCI protected" sticker.
Use the salvaged GFCI receptacles to protect other circuits.
Best Answer
Since outside receptacles have required GFCI protection for a long time there is probably a GFCI receptacle inside the home that is protecting these.
With the receptacles required at front and back they are quite often fed from a receptacle close to the door that is a GFCI. Reset this and they will probably be fine. Sometimes the receptacle inside is on the other side of the wall.
Prior to WR rated GFCI receptacles it was common to put them inside. After weather ratings became a thing it made more sense to put them outside as the moisture no longer was a problem (the electronics are potted) this is an encapsulated coating that seals the electronics from moisture.
You might also check for switches as many outside receptacles are put on switches so they can control holiday lighting.