Electrical – Multiple 30A outlets on the same breaker

There's no problem. The Electrician may have been worried about the inspector failing the work after doing load calculations, but it doesn't sound like he did one.

As long as the installation is proper, there should be no problems. You might trip the main if you run too much at the same time, but you're already aware of that limitation.

Make the first switch box double gang, and add a GFCI receptical there. Both incoming conductors should enter that GFCI outlet first, and that first GFCI outlet will provide GFCI protection for the whole addition in a conveniently accessible location.

On the 'load side' of that GFCI, branch off to the switch in the same box, and to the right. GFCI outlet's usually have lugs that can accommodate two outgoing load conductors. If not, use a wire nut.

From the switch go up to a normal outlet on the ceiling (if that's what your diagram intended).

From the wire nut (or the GFCI's second conductor), head right to the second box, and use a wire nut there to branch to the switch in that box and the unswitched outlet further right

connect the light to the switch in the second box.

Done.