While Article 406.11 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units. existed in NEC 2008, it was revised as Article 406.12 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles in Dwelling Units. in NEC 2011. And it says Tamper-Resistant Receptacles are required in all areas listed in Article 210.52
National Electrical Code 2011
ARTICLE 210 Branch Circuits
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets. (A) General Provisions.
kitchen
family room
dining room
living room
parlor
library
den
sunroom
bedroom
recreation room
or similar room or area of dwelling units
(B) Small Appliances
(C) Countertops
(D) Bathrooms
(E) Outdoor Outlets
(F) Laundry Areas
(G) Basements and Garages
(H) Hallways
With the following exceptions.
Ex.: Receptacles in the following locations aren’t required to be tamper-resistant:
(1) Receptacles located more than 5½ ft above the floor. (2) Receptacles that are part of a luminaire or appliance. (3) A receptacle located within dedicated space for an appliance that in normal use isn’t easily moved from one place to another. (4) Nongrounding receptacles used for replacements as permitted in 406.4(D)(2)(a).
I don't know why it might be disallowed by local codes. As mentioned in the comments to the question, this stuff is often put into poured walls and floors. It is used quite heavily for 240V wiring and phone/data wiring in Israel where almost all construction is concrete. We also used it for both 120V/240V and data in WaterShed here in the USA.
As another answer mentioned though, it's not good for outside use.
Best Answer
The closest thing to reaching a prohibition is...
356.12 Uses Not Permitted. LFNC shall not be used as follows: (1) Where subject to physical damage...