Remove kitchen sink drain pipes

I would call it a slip x spigot brass drain street ell. Can't say I've seen one until now. More common is the double slip brass drain ell. Hard to say from a photo, but looks like a short horizontal straight piece could be inserted if you had to use a double slip ell. Perhaps the trap U could be rotated away a bit to buy a little extra distance for this.

While they are not the most correct way to alleviate your problem, check your favorite home center/big box store for a "flexible tail piece extension". The ideal method would be to remove and realign your current drain. While the flexible drains work they are more prone to clogging due to the accordion like walls of the pipe.