First, everything about the Sonoff stinks like cheap Cheese, so good bet it is not UL listed. RoHS and CE is nothing, and UL/CSA listings are often forged by those offshore manufacturers.
Mains electrical is serious business, and the stuff is already very cheap - $20 for a proper smart switch for instance. The only reason that price seems high is you have found this thing that is cheaper in several ways, most bad. Who cares? There will always be a cheaper piece-o-junk out there. Your time is valuable too.
In NEC jurisdictions you cannot install things not approved by your local inspector, who does not run his own testing lab, but simply gets a list of approved appliances from UL or similar entity. NEC 110.
You cannot mount outside a junction box
An electrical device cannot be mounted outside a junction box as you plan, unless the labeling or instructions tell you to install it that way - the labeling and instructions are part of the UL listing, the listing is contingent on it being installed properly, and it is illegal to install it contrary to those instructions (NEC 110.3).
Parallel switches in your plan are semi-OK
The fact that the Sonoff has netural coming in is simply due to the fact that it is a powered device and needs neutral for its own power. Whether it is switching neutral, I cannot guess: It may be possible to bypass its neutral output and serve the neutral from the other side - that depends (again) on the UL approved labeling and instructions on the device.
If that's the case, then having both the smart switch and the plain switch feed the light should be fine. The key rule is that in any cable, currents must be equal - cancel each other out. That is to avoid eddy-current heating.
Low voltage remote switches are even better
If Deepesh Golani's method of accessing the internal switch works, and (again) is supported by UL approved labeling or instructions, that is an even better way since it does not involve significant currents. If that power is low voltage, you would escape the requirement to use Class 1 wiring techniques, and could run remote switches with thermostat wire for instance.
- Power off.
- Pick any 2 of the capped wires formerly attached to the 3-way.
- Nut those two together.
- Leave the third wire nutted independently.
- Power on.
- Throw any other switch in the 3/4 way group. Does the light turn on or off?
- all other 3/4-ways work correctly -- fail*. Pick a different pair and go to 1.
- lights do not work in either position -- success. The two nutted together are the messengers.
Mark both messengers with yellow tape (or other appropriate marking) -- messengers are interchangeable, so you don't need to distinguish them from each other.
The two messengers go on the brass screws of the 3-way switch.
The remaining wire is common and goes on the black screw.
* Or, if you just want to eliminate that 3-way, you can stop right here and you are done.
Best Answer
Anything you do involving "tapping travelers" is not gonna work. There is no magic juice there-- oh wait, this just in. Smart switches are a thing!
Travelers are precisely as simple as 2 wires: one is hot, one is not. A 3-way switch exchanges which traveler is hot or connected to the light. Here
So if your idea is to tap the 2 yellow travelers to feed a second 3-way in the garage, this melts down into a complete disaster. If the garage switches are set to opposite travelers, then your only option from the house will be a) lights on fans off, or b) lights off fans on. You would have to walk out to the garage to get the switches there to be on the same traveler.
The only practical way (using steam-era wiring) is to have an extra 3-way switch at each location, connected by a whole second cable with its own set of blue travelers and gray neutral... and then keeping hot and neutral carefully separated.