Learn English – 15:00 vs 15h00 And how to read them aloud

It would normally be read aloud as:

f of x equals x squared

There are some variations you might hear. For example, sometimes is is used in place of equals.

If the exponent was 3, you would say cubed. Anything higher than three (say, for example, 5) would generally be read aloud as:

f of x is x to the fifth (power)

or perhaps:

f of x is x to the power of five

• The absolute value of the difference between S and
• the sum from i equals one through i equals n of
• the function f evaluated at t sub i times the width of each i
• is less than epsilon.

If it is clear that i and n are one-indexed, then "the sum from i equals one through i equals n" can be replaced by "the sum of the first n terms". "The width of each i" is an interpretation of "delta i".

• The function is one divided by the quantity x plus one close quantity, all divided by the square root of x.
• The integral from zero to infinity of the function d x
• equals the limit as s goes to zero of the integral from s to 1 of the function d x
• plus the limit as t goes to infinity of the integral from 1 to t of the function d x.

"Goes to" can be replaced by "goes toward", or (as Damkeng suggests) "tends to", or (as J.R. suggests) "approaches".

I often use a notation like "integral from x equals a to x equals b" instead of "integral from a to b". I also often say "to positive infinity" instead of "to infinity".

I "factored out" the definition of the function in the first sentence. If the function were easy to say (such as "x squared"), I would not "factor out" the definition of the function. Instead, I would include the "x squared" in the statements of the integrals, a la Damkeng's answer.