Learn English – “As follows”: Is “follow” here a verb or something else

It is not idiomatic or grammatical. Three possible ways to reword it would be "as shown below", "as shown in the following", or simply "as follows".

If X, then Y should be organized as follows:

"Like this" is yet another possiblity, but of a somewhat lower register.

This usage is correct. Here, more than is used with a verb. Look at the sentence

The number of children doubled.

The verb here is "doubled," meaning "increased to a new amount that is twice the original amount".

We can use "more than doubled" to mean "increased to a new amount that is more than twice the original amount":

The number of children more than doubled.

This is a normal use of more than for "multiplier" verbs like double or triple. To confirm this, you can do a Google search for "more than doubled", which shows the phrase used by Time magazine and official agencies like the CDC.

Using more than with adjectives is also normal (but that is not what is happening in your example):

She is more than angry; she is furious.

They are more than just strong; they are also very fast and smart.