In Standard English we use at with study when stating the University name:
I studied psychology at Cambridge University
I want to study at Imperial College University, London.
Use of in is not Standard English, even to the point where the ngram of studied at MIT versus studied in MIT does not even show in because it is so non-standard.
My guess is that whoever wrote that quote was not a native speaker of English.
At first none of the examples sounded good to my ear, but after I looked it up it seems that the 2nd and the 3rd are correct.
Many discuss the topic that whether medicine has true benefit on our society.
Whether is a subordinating conjunction. That is also a conjunction. Pilling up conjunctions one after another does not serve a purpose, and it is grammatically incorrect. Both of these conjunctions can be used to introduce a noun clause, but in your example the noun clause is derived form a yes/no question:
Does medicine have true benefit on our society?
Therefore you should use whether (that is used for noun clauses derived from statements).
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Many discuss the topic of whether medicine has true benefit on our society.
Google books shows evidence of "... of whether..." construction usage, e.g. in: "...the question of whether the pure self can be conceived of in unity with a living organism." At the same time
LDOCE gives examples of the construction "topic of". Since these two were my main concerns, the sentence should be correct.
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Many discuss the topic on whether medicine has true benefit on our society.
Again, there is evidence of usage of the phrase:
topic on whether, although there are only 68 hits, which would indicate that this phrase is used rarely.
Finally, Many question whether medicine brings a true benefit to the society would be my personal preference, but there are many ways to phrase this thought.
Best Answer
It would be the first one. You say you're going to use the instrument available (meaning "able to be used or obtained"), then specifying the location it can be obtained from: inside the university. (you could also use "from" here, which would sound more natural).
Your second sentence has two possible interpretations: one is that you'll use an instrument which can be obtained next to the university (using "by" as a locative, which is obviously not what you want); the other interpretation is that the university (in this sense talking about its faculty, not the building itself) allowed you to use it, in which case you need an active verb to clarify this, so the sentence would be: