Learn English – did call vs called

First past perfect and pluperfect refer to the same tense. They are synonyms. Look up pluperfect in any dictionary to verify this. Here at onelook dictionary are more than two dozen dictionaries to get you started.

Second, please see this answer to When is the past perfect exactly needed? It does a terrific job of stating when the past perfect (or pluperfect--they mean the same thing) is necessary.

In general your sentence 1B is grammatical, but it represents rather an incomplete thought. And it is not necessary to use the past perfect/pluperfect tense here. The present perfect or simple past would both be better choices, because they would not represent incomplete thoughts.

Your 1C adds more information to the response but still either the present perfect or simple past would be more common. You don't need the past perfect/pluperfect there because it is clear from logic which past action happened first, namely that you called him first.

In 2B, there is no reason for using the past perfect/pluperfect tense. The simple past is fine. You mention only one past action. And in fact both uses of the verb order refer to that same past action. It would seem strange to think that one occurrence of the same past action can come before another occurrence of the same!

The first sentence of 2C is grammatical But by itself gives an incomplete thought. There is only one past action mentioned, and it occurs two days back. Thus the simple past is better here because you are talking about one action completed in the past. Having us wait until the second sentence to hear the most recent past action (Yesterday when I opened the box) makes it awkward.

The second sentence of 2C is the only sentence in which the past tense/pluperfect tense is used in a way that is intended. You have two actions and you place one of them before the first one. This is pleasant sounding and appropriate.

For example sentences and a much better explanation, see the answer I link to above. And thanks for asking such a good question.

An open question is one that has many possible answers: subject or object questions are examples of this, as the there are multiple possibilities.

A closed question requires a yes or no answer.

Closed questions in the past simple are usually asked using **did*.

Did you break it?

I hadn't thought about it before, but I think that you have identified a pattern, in that we also use did for object questions, presumably so that the object pronoun can be moved to the start of the sentence.