Learn English – Does “subsequent” only refer to the direct successor

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Oxford Learner's Dictionaries defines subsequent as happening or coming after something else but it is not very clear if it can still be used if there is another of the same thing between the two subsequent things.

For example, in the series 1 2 3

2 is subsequent to 1. 3 is subsequent to 2. Is 3 subsequent to 1, too?

If yes, how can I call the relation between 1/2 and 2/3 so that it can be distinguished from the relation which 1/3 have?
Something like 2 is directly subsequent to 1 or so? Are 1 and 2 directly subsequent? Is that correct English?

Best Answer

The meaning of subsequent is simply "following" or "coming after", as you discovered, but it does not necessarily mean immediately or directly following.

Here are some examples that show how the word is used:

Subsequent educational attainment of high school dropouts

Here, "subsequent" means "coming later", but it obviously doesn't mean "right after dropping out of high school".

...scholars have not paid adequate attention to the twelve subsequent proceedings conducted in that city by the U.S. Army...

Obviously, all of the twelve proceedings were subsequent to the first.

So yes, I would say that 3 is subsequent to 1 in your example, although to make things completely clear, I might say that it's one of the subsequent things.


If you want to specify "the very next one", I would suggest that the best term to use is immediately subsequent (although directly subsequent is pretty good too). For example,

...the correlation between each month and the immediately subsequent month was calculated...

Here "immediately subsequent" means "the very next month".

...prepare Bradfield's balance sheet immediately subsequent to the acquisition.

Again, "immediately subsequent to" means "right after".


You can say that 2 is immediately subsequent to 1, but I wouldn't say that 1 and 2 "are immediately subsequent", because one of them is subsequent to the other, saying "1 and 2 are immediately subsequent" makes it sound like they both come after something else.

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