I have learned a long time ago (when PC's where still a rumour) that information is data that is usable (the definition was a bit longer). It came down to the idea that a phonebook contains a lot of data, but only the number I look up in it is considered information.
This definition can still be used in a strict sense, but in practice, I notice that information often describes something, whereas data refers to "stuff" that belongs to and is used by or in an application.
So Code and Application information could be two things (your Q2 — it can mean both):
- The code that makes up the application and information about the application.
- Information about both the code that makes up the application and about the application itself.
The explicit exclusion of Application data refers to the data that is used inside the application, such as user generated content, default data, screen layouts, up to a complete database.
The difference is mainly in the fact that application data can be a lot of data, and it is normally only accessible by the application itself. The information in your "card content" is the information that is needed to execute the application, but it does not contains the data that is used by the application.
Best Answer
Education, in this usage, is a noun adjunct: an noun being used as an adjective. It means "relating to the field of teaching and learning".
Educational is the usual adjective form. Its meaning is more versatile. In addition to the "of or relating to the provision of education" meaning, it could also mean "intended or serving to educate or enlighten", as in "I just watched an educational documentary about cats."
Therefore, the terms are not interchangeable in general, but they are interchangeable for the two examples you provided.