Learn English – How is the sentence “It means something different” grammatically correct

My advice is to use whatever version your teacher approves, especially on a test he or she gives. But be aware that different than is not really incorrect.

For a good look at this topic, see this excellent WordPress article by Stan Carey called different-from-different-than-different-to.

See also the same question Which is correct: "__ is different from__" or "__ is different than__" on sister site ELU.

Different from is apparently used more often than different than. However, different than is being used by more and more native speakers both in the USA and in the UK.

Some teachers and grammarians insist that different from is "correct" and that different than is "incorrect." This is called 'prescriptive grammar', insisting that people talk or write in a certain way, and that labels one expression as "correct" and another expression as "wrong." Ironically, in many cases, these prescriptivists (colloquial: "grammar Nazis") are ignorant that the constructions they deplore have a long history of usage in English.

However, different than is now used so often by so many people, that the attempt to force people to use different from will never be successful. 'Descriptive grammar' describes how and what native speakers actually say and therfore what is grammatical according to actual usage.

I just watched Broadchurch, a British television series in which famed Shakespearen/Dr Who actor David Tennant says different than.

This shows that different than is used not only in the USA, but also in the UK.

Note that another common usage in British English (but not in American English) is different to.

The Oxford Dictionary Online (ODO) states:

Different from, different than, and different to: what are the distinctions between these three constructions, and is one more correct than the others? In practice, different from is both the most common structure and the most accepted. Different than is used chiefly in North America, although its use is increasing in British English. Because it can be followed by a clause, it is sometimes more concise than different from (compare "things are different than they were a year ago" with "things are different from the way they were a year ago"). Different to, although common in Britain, is disliked by traditionalists and sounds peculiar to American ears.

Three separate usage notes about these options are found at the thefreedictionary. Note that many dictionaries now have 'usage panels' that vote on whether a phrase or usage is "acceptable" or not. This is just prescriptive grammar by vote. However, if the voting of the usage panel is close, than we can conclude that no one particular usage is "correct."

You are correct in that your example sentence 'The problem with your grade is, you are the person who can fix it.' is not proper English; it should be instead something like 'The problem with your grade is that you are the (only) person who can fix it.'

There are many sentences in English like this where popular or common usage (usually spoken) English will vary from the 'proper rules' of English; this is one of them. The phrase "The problem [with XX] is, ...' is commonly used and quite often omits an implied 'that' following the 'is'.