Learn English – n idiom for “not without disadvantages”

Your first example, where the sentence is technically true but conveys a false meaning, would be considered sophistry in English. Informally, we might call these weasel words or, in some situations, use the recently coined word truthiness.

If you tell the truth about something, but hold something back, as in your second example, you could call that a half-truth. If you say, "I can't be drunk, I only had one beer," but you also drank a bottle of vodka, that would be a half-truth. This seems closer to your second example.

However, in my experience, most English speakers would be more likely to describe these situations in more general terms, as a trick, than to use a term specific to this sort of language.

I think I understand what you're trying to convey: if someone is distracted or ignoring you while you're speaking, a simple way to get their attention in English would be by simply saying "Hellooo?" (focus on a inquisitive intonation) and/or "Over heeeree" (again, all in the intonation) accompanied with waving or snapping fingers, but be warned these are not very elegant approaches. A politer way would be by simply saying "Excuse me?" to get their attention again. Good luck!