I don't recognise the idea that there might be something wrong with "double prepositions" in English. Obviously it's not true in general, but I can't even guess why anyone would think it true in any context.
For the specific usage OP asks about, it's just a matter of whether we normally speak of things originating somewhere, or originating from somewhere. As this NGram shows, we actually use the first form 2-3 times more often, but there's nothing wrong with the second in originate from outside.
That NGram also shows how rarely we use OP's suggested originate from the outside. What this doesn't tell you is that the outside would be extremely unlikely in OP's exact context, because when we include the article before outside, we're normally referring to the outer surface (of a container, for example).
A good question, Nima! First, see one of the senses for from
—used as a function word to indicate physical separation or an act or condition of removal, abstention, exclusion, release, subtraction, or differentiation (protection from the sun, relief from anxiety)
Hence, in the sentence
I want to defend society and all of its members from all ideologies, science included.
the meaning of from equals to against, in my view.
However, if in place of ideologies, science included we use phrases like all ideological strata or all ideological groups or all congregations etc., the meaning of from would change, as I see it. Compare:
I want to defend society and all of its members from all ideological strata, including those who pursue science as their chief interest.
In this case, the reader will assume that what's meant here is that the members come or originate from diverse ideological strata, or demographic groups, or ideological groups, or whatever.
Try googling protect people from all, and you will get sentences like
Our organization helps protect people from all walks of life / all backgrounds ..
Here, the people are clearly not being protected from walks of life but rather belong to these walks of life.
Best Answer
Both prepositions are acceptable in a main clause:
X originated in Y
X originated from Y
With respect your use in the where-clause, I would say:
You really don't need a preposition there, but if you are going to use one, use from, as user3169 pointed out in the comment below:
... You cannot tell from where it originated yes
... You cannot tell in where it originated no
So:
You cannot tell where it originated from.