Learn English – Prefix and Suffix issue

latinprefixessuffixes

My question is simple, is there a known reason why the word "prefix" has only one "f" but the word "suffix" has two, "ff"?

Best Answer

These words are 'borrowed' from Latin, which routinely performed elision and assimilation on prefixes with a final consonant when the consonant was sufficiently similar to the initial consonant of the root to which it was attached. The resulting word was spelled with a doubling of the remaining consonant.

pre- + fix- ... no final consonant, so prefix
sub- + fix- ... so suffix
ad- + fix- ... affix

in- + toler- ... {n} and {t} are very high contrast, so intolerant
in- + med- ... immediate
in- + lum- ... illuminate

The same pattern is followed with modern coinages using Latin prefixes and roots.

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