Learn English – Rewrite a complicated sentence

Your sentences look fine to me. One possible way to make the reading smoother is to move the reference to the front or the back. For example,

As described by Horde and Susan (2012), in regularization of outer-boundaries, boundary line segments can be first fitted from irregularly distributed contour points, and then rectified by rotating their mid-points until orthogonality or parallelism is met with respect to the identified direction.

Here is another alternative,

As described by Horde and Susan (2012), in regularization of outer-boundaries, boundary line segments can be first fitted from irregularly distributed contour points. They can then be rectified by rotating their mid-points until orthogonality or parallelism is met with respect to the identified direction.

While I don't believe this is technically incorrect, it does sound clunky.

What about removing the "Although" and reworking the remaining sentence to account for the same meaning?

"It is important to have a more detailed understanding of the social factors that hinder adolescents' self-confidence, because the adolescent life stage is short in comparison to childhood, which makes bullying experienced by teenagers during this crucial stage of development, particularly damaging."