Learn English – the different between”the first to do “and “the first who ever did”

Do you...? Present Simple tense. This question could be asked if you interested does the person do the thing on a regular basis or not.

Do you ever drink coffee after 10 pm?

Have you...? Present Perfect tense. You can use such a question if asked about previous experiense in someone's life.

Have you ever drunk alcohol?

The two sentences are definitely close in meaning, and in some cases either could be used; but they do have slightly different connotations:

• "Why did this happen?" is asking for reasons, and perhaps an attempt to find some kind of meaning to the event. Answers might be "it happened because God/Allah/etc willed it", or "it happened because that's the way the stars aligned", or even "there is no reason, it just happened".
• "How did this happen?" is asking for causes; it sounds more practical and specific. Answers might be "it happened because the driver of the other car wasn't paying attention", or "it happened because the safety inspection wasn't adequate".
• With a different emphasis, "how" might actually be more emotive - you might express shock at something by saying "How could this happen!?"
• Lastly, "how" could have its usual meaning of "in what manner" - asking for the process, rather than the cause. For instance, "how did Brexit happen?" could have the literal answer of "by the British parliament submitting a declaration to the EU under Article 50".