In English, one occasionally sees a replacement of my wife by the wife, such as in this sentence:
there was a sudden thud and I joked to the wife that someone had run into us
- Does this construction occur for any other words than wife? The husband? The mother? Of course in many contexts it can (The car, The child, etc.), but I have the impression that in the context above, it's somehow a special idiom. Is it?
- Does the meaning of a sentence change by replacing my wife by the wife?
- Can the wife replace only my wife, or also your/his/her wife or even their/your/our wives?
- Are there any rules I should be aware of for this construct?
Best Answer
Using the instead of my in "the wife" does subtly change the meaning of a sentence it's used in.
Assuming the woman in question is the wife of the speaker, compare
to
Using the instead of my puts a bit of social distance between the speaker and their wife. Even if the listener knows that the speaker is talking to the speaker's wife, the use of the decouples the couple.
Using the wife when talking about someone else's wife is possible, but is different in meaning. In this context you can use the wife to mean his wife, her wife, their wife or their wives, i.e. it can only apply to a third person pronoun.
Imagine A is on the phone and B wants to know who A is talking to:
So A is talking to the wife of the couple they are interested in.
The wife would not work if someone's name was used:
Here the wife would be taken to mean A's wife, rather than Mr. Jenkin's wife, although it is possible that there might be confusion as to what A means.
As Barrie England points out, you can also use the wife to mean your wife as in "How is the wife." I agree with him that this is only something that would be done if you are sure your remark won't be taken as an insult.
Other constructs that are similar:
The pattern is that someone uses the in place of my when they are married to or related by marriage to someone and don't like, or are pretending not to like, the person in question.