Learn English – What are the differences between “there” & “in there”.

The meanings are similar but I'm finding it hard to think of an instance where you could simply exchange the two words without restructuring the sentence.

They arrived while we were having dinner

could be expresses as:

They arrived during our dinner

and:

Would you look after the children while I do the shopping?

would become:

Would you look after the children during my shopping trip?

After analyzing your two examples, it seems like during precedes a noun, but while precedes a verbal phrase. This makes sense, because during is a preposition, but – when used to mean "during the time that" – while is a conjunction.

Here are some more examples where I try to exchange the two words:

He sprained his ankle during the game.
He sprained his ankle while playing the game.

I can't concentrate on my homework during the television show.
I can't concentrate on my homework while the TV show is on.

I started to get scared during the thunderstorm.
I started to get scared while the thunderstorm was raging.

The word while is more likely to be interchangeable with the word as:

I started to get scared as the thunderstorm was raging.

If you tell someone about serious injury, the first thing comes is the physical harm to someone.

OALD defines this word and it is mostly used for physical harm

injury - harm done to a person's or an animal's body, for example in an accident

However, injury can happen to someone's feeling (on the same page).

injury - Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.

In usage note injury OALD defines being injured where instances are of physically being hurt.

Being a medical professional, I'd like to mention that damage can also happen to human organs (especially internal) but then it could be the result of an injury or harm by bad microorganisms

In that road accident, he got several injuries. In fact, his liver is damaged and needs to be repaired. OR
I have never seen such worse septicemia. Her internal organs are damaged and will stop working soon.

But again, if you are talking about someone's reputation or injury in the context of non-living thing, use damage to keep ambiguity at bay.

Don't get confuse that damage can be used for physical harm. 'Physical' can be used for non living things like computers and books etc. :)

So, a ship is a non-living thing so it might sustain damage and let the closer cause damage to the economy, not injury. :)