Learn English – What do you call a chalkboard punishment

In general, yes you can use flavors in a figurative sense, meaning types. Deodorants (which you have apparently abbreviated as "deos"—that's a new one on me!) used to have names that were clearly scents (e.g. evergreen, coconut, spice) so it would make sense to ask which scents they had. But since they now name the scents more figuratively (fresh breeze, manly cool, blithe spirit, stone, sport, lazy !) with names meant more to evoke some mood rather than suggest an actual scent, it's just as sensible to ask what "flavors".

Some might cringe at the suggestion of tasting deodorant, but "flavor" is already used to describe rhings with neither taste nor smell: consider "plain-vanilla unix".

So yeah, go ahead; anyone would understand what you mean.

"Blank out", "brain glitch", and "brain fart" are not mental illnesses. They are all legitimate, albeit possibly crude, vernacular for temporary stupidity.

There are others such as "senior moment". This is a facetious reference to the kind of absent-minded dementia occurring in the elderly.

I forgot my phone when I left the house this morning. I must have been having a senior moment.

Interestingly enough, Google translates 脑袋短路 as "short circuit". You can use the same metaphor in English:

My brain must have short-circuited

My brain was on the fritz.

My brain blew a fuse.

and so on.