Learn English – Which order is right: “gift giving” or “giving gifts”

grammarword-order

Which ones are right, why, and what is this condition called?

When it comes to

  1. gift giving or giving gifts
  2. gift wrapping or wrapping gifts
  3. hands shaking or shaking hands
  4. football playing or playing football
  5. etc.

Best Answer

Here is one practical way to think of the difference between gift giving and giving gifts (when it's used after when it comes to as you mentioned in a comment, which is the focus of this question):

  • gift giving = the giving of a specific kind (the giving of gifts, in this case)
  • giving gifts = a subjectless clause turned an -ing phrase (or clause, check your grammar book)

Which is why the two alternatives are quite possible if we generalize the patterns to [ X Ying ] vs. [ Ying X ], but one main difference is that in [ X Ying ] (i.e., gift giving), Y has become a noun, while in [ Ying X ] (i.e., giving gifts), Y is still a verb.

Having said that, I don't think there is a hard and fast rule that can tell which alternative is preferred. In other words, we have to select them on a case by case basis. (E.g., if a political leader is giving a speech after shaking hands with several other leaders, his saying When it comes to shaking hands, ... would most likely mean his shaking hands with other leaders, but when a doctor says When it comes to shaking hands, it could very well be about a medical condition. Also note that it has to compete with handshake, which is a well-known word, and probably is a better choice in your example.)

There are several terms for the two patterns (because there are several English grammars). But probably the most well-known ones for the two are:

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