A very thoughtful and hard question indeed; it pushed me to research a bit on the subject Continuous Conditional.
Your first example is a past perfect continuous sentence. In general, it is used to indicate an action was happening before another action happened. However, it can also be used to indicate past unreal condition. For example:
If I had been talking to him when he said that, I would have punched him in the face.
But fortunately, he was not talking to him when he said that and that's how he missed my punch.
So according to this theory, your first sentence which is
If I had been with you, I might be taking care.
is absolutely meaningful and grammatical.
Now, there is a vital fact when using these type of constructs as described by data.grammarbook.com,
When talking about something that didn’t happen in the past, many English speakers use the conditional perfect (if I would have done) when they should be using the past perfect (if I had done).
For example, you find out that your brother saw a movie yesterday. You would have liked to see it too, but you hadn’t known he was going. To express this, you can use an if – then clause. The correct way to say this is with the past perfect in the “if” clause, and the conditional perfect in the “then” clause:
Correct: If I had known that you were going to the movies, [then] I would have gone too.
The conditional perfect can only go in the “then” clause — it is grammatically incorrect to use the conditional perfect in the “if” clause:
Incorrect: If I would have known that you were going to the movies, I would have gone too.
More examples:
Correct: If I had gotten paid, we could have traveled together.
Incorrect: If I would have gotten paid, we could have traveled together.
Correct: If you had asked me, I could have helped you.
Incorrect: If you would have asked me, I could have helped you.
The same mistake occurs with the verb “wish.” You can’t use the conditional perfect when wishing something had happened; you again need the past perfect.
Correct: I wish I had known.
Incorrect: I wish I would have known.
Correct: I wish you had told me.
Incorrect: I wish you would have told me.
Correct: We wish they had been honest.
Incorrect: We wish they would have been honest.
So this theory, in a nutshell, says you can't use "would" part with the "if" clause, rather it should be used in the result clause. So, according to this theory, your second sentence stands incorrect.
Neither sentence is grammatical English or something that a native would typically say, so it is pointless to argue over what they might mean. I don't see a reason to correct them differently.
“*This would not have been happened” is a passive construction. But happen is not a transitive verb, so it cannot be used in the passive voice. It is likely that the author of this sentence intended to write “This would not have happened”, i.e. the event mentioned previously would not have taken place.
In addition to the previous defect, “*this would have not been happened” is incorrect because the negation cannot be placed where it is. The negation word not is normally placed after the first auxiliary: “this would not have …”.
Furthermore, the second part of the sentence is in the wrong tense. “This would have happened” is a past conditional. The part of the sentence introduced by if is a past hypothetical. It needs to be in the past tense because the time of the action is in the past; in addition, the hypothetical aspect is expressed by a past tense, which means the verb needs to be in the pluperfect tense: “if you had not been there at that time”.
A correct sentence resembling these two incorrect sentences is
This would not have happened if you had not been there at that time.
I can't think of a correct sentence with a different meaning that could be what the author was trying to express.
Best Answer
1) Wrong. One way to explain this is 'been' is the past participle of be and should be followed by modal auxiliaries. Other is after would, a basic form of a verb/ infinitive form should be stated.
2)Correct
3)Correct
Editing to describe the 2nd and 3rd.
2) This outputs an imagination/ assumption about a past incident; 0.5 seconds later, if not for something, he would have been dead. Fortunately, he is not.
3) This is more like an assumption about a present incident. Here, there's a possibility that he is dead after 0.5s.