No, they do not quite have the same meaning.
"You are getting close to..." implies that the person is moving. For example, they are searching for the sign, but they are not "getting close to any".
"You are close to..." implies that the person is still. They may have been searching for it, but they are not currently "close to" any signs.
Also, your sentences don't make very much sense. Here's what they should be replaced with:
"No sign you are getting close to it."
Replacement: "There is no sign you are getting close to" (it was removed from the end of the sentence, and there is was added to the beginning)
Better Replacement: "You are not getting close to the sign"
"No sign you are close to it."
Replacement: "There is no sign you are close to" (it was removed from the end of the sentence, and there is was added to the beginning)
Better Replacement: "You are not close to the sign"
For example, If my friend was searching for a sign that I placed, and was walking around and could not find it, they might ask me for a hint. So, I would say "You are not getting close to the sign". (My friend is moving, and is either getting closer or farther from the sign as he moves)
For the second sentence, if my friend was about do do a flip, and wanted to make sure that the sign was not in their way, they could ask if they were close to it, to which I would respond "You are not close to the sign". (My friend just wants to know his surroundings, he's not currently trying to get closer or farther away from the sign).
"getting closer to" should only be used if the subject is moving and wanted to know where the object was in relation to them. "close to" should be used if the subject is not moving, and doesn't really care about exactly where the object is
Goodbye can be used as a final farewell when someone is ending a relationship or walking out on someone. It is a more formal word than bye and thus makes sense in this context. Also, when slamming the door and walking out on someone, a robust two-syllable goodbye adds strength to the nonverbal cues.
But bye, because of its informality, can be used to express disinterest in someone. Okay, bye, I don't even want to waste a second syllable on you.
So it is not that either word is always worse than the other.
Goodbye is the customary leave taking and while friends may shorten that on a daily basis to other, less formal forms including bye bye (common in AmE), there is nothing inherently "not good" in the full form.
Best Answer
Good is always an adjective and never an adverb. It never modifies a verb but it generally follows a linking verb serving a subject-modifier. On the other hand, well can be an adjective or adverb depending on context.
You can use both present continuous and simple present. That's because it's happening right in front of you! (You look good/you look well).