Learn English – Are “Fish in a barrel” and “Sitting ducks” similar

inverse: opposite or contrary in position, direction, order, or effect
in mathematics - something obtained by inversion or something that can be applied to an element to produce its identity element
reverse: opposite primarily in direction
in law - reverse or annul
in printing - make print white in a block of solid color or half tone
in electronics - in the direction that does not allow significant current
in geology - denoting a fault or faulting in which a relative downward movement occurred in the strata situated on the underside of the fault plane
converse: corresponding yet opposing
in mathematics - a theorem whose hypothesis and conclusion are the conclusion and hypothesis of another
also a brand of shoe
transverse: situated across from something
obverse: the opposite or counterpart of something (particularly a truth)
in biology - narrower at the base or point of attachment than at the apex or top

_{from NOAD}

Reverse is the only one I've commonly heard in casual speech and only referring to the direction of a car (in US... don't know about UK et al). Some could be used interchangeably, but it would be best to avoid it considering that each generally has a specific meaning in its context.

“i.e.” always, only, and ever means “that is”, and should always be read that way. It never means “put differently”. It is never meant to be read aloud or in your brain as eye-eee initials; it should be expanded for the abbreviation it is, and very most preferably into English not Latin.

You may be thinking of videlicet < vidēre licet, abbreviated viz. in print but originally a scribal abbreviation employing Tironian et: vi⁊. This is usually read aloud as “namely”, and has a slightly different nuance compared with i.e., which you can look up in any general reference book.

I very strongly recommend not using Latin abbreviations, because I can guarantee you that between reader and writer, someone won’t know what these properly mean. After all, look at the question you asked.