Learn English – Can “hence” be used instead of “after”

The U.S. Army Field Manual FM 7-21.13 Section 4.18 states:

4-18. A soldier addressing a higher ranking officer uses the word sir or ma’am in the same manner as a polite civilian speaking with a person to whom he wishes to show respect. In the military service, the matter of who says sir or ma’am to whom is clearly defined; in civilian life it is largely a matter of discretion. In the case of NCOs and soldiers, we address them by their rank because they’ve earned that rank.

Therefore, the military protocol follows the civilian protocol of respectful addresses, with the additional requirement that the greeting is mandatory when addressing superior officers.

Since in normal day English one does not generally refer to females as "sir", the same would apply in a military context.

The example "he died himself" is grammatical provided it occurs in a context which allows "himself" to be interpreted as a sort of intensifier. For instance, "The doctor devoted his life to preventing death, but in the end, he died himself." Or, the intensifier can occur immediately after the noun phrase it intensifies -- " ... he himself died."

At any rate, the "himself" in such a case is not the object of the verb, but serves another function.

(I'm not sure "intensifier" is a real grammatical term -- I just made it up. Edit: Or else it was a dim memory. @Lawrence in the comments gives a reference to this nice typological account of intensifiers, which discusses the connection with reflexives: Focussed Assertion of Identity: A Typology of Intensifiers.)