Personally and for the sake of clarity, I would structure your sentence as shown below.
"Stick to your guns, Lola," he replied, happily, while pinching both of my cheeks.
There a couple of misconceptions here. The first is about reduced participial phrases. Generally this means transforming a clause, which has a finite verb, into a phrase with a non-finite verb. Thus
I came to work today while I was wearing my new suit
becomes
I came to work today, wearing my new suit
Secondly, I don't know what grammar is telling you that participial phrases have to modify adjectives. Participial phrases may act as modifiers for any construct that can take a modifier.
Next, I'm not sure what you think a "participial prepositional phrase" is. One example you give is
- This is good result(,) given how other teams performed
but there isn't a preposition in sight.
Participles by themselves don't really carry tense. You seem to think there's a difference in punctuation based on whether there's a present participle (one that ends in -ing, e.g., "coming home") or a present perfect participle (one that combines having with the plain form of the verb, e.g, "having come home"). There isn't.
Most of your examples may be parsed as nominative absolutes. For example,
I came to work today, wearing my new suit.
These aren't really restrictive or non-restrictive because they are independent of the grammar of the main clause (thus the name absolute). The wearing of the new suit applies not just to the subject, verb, or prepositional complement individually. The style manual I use, the Chicago Manual of Style recommends setting off introductory elements like this with a comma. CMOS also recommends setting off following non-restrictive elements with a comma, so I infer the same for following absolutes.
Punctuation is a matter of style, not grammar. So follow the rules in the manual of style that you've chosen or that has been thrust upon you.
Best Answer
In your 3 examples, the one sentences who requires the comma is the number 3. Let's see:
In this case you normally wouldn't put a comma, as there's no need. The second one is perfectly uacceptable. But if you put a comma, you would emphasise "today". So it might sound like "I normally don't eat lunch but today I did".
Here the same more or less, but the sentence without comma still sounds understandable. Although if you put it, it will sound much more clear, and in that case, it won't hurt.
Here it's the same. Without comma it sounds different than with it, but it still makes sense.