What is the etymology of the phrase "one trick pony"?
Can ponies do tricks?
Oxford doesn't any etymology info.
Wiktionary doesn't provide any info either besides the definition:
A performing animal (especially a pony) that knows only one trick.
(idiomatic, by extension) A person or group noteworthy for only a single achievement, skill, or characteristic.
Best Answer
A pony that only knows one trick.
Yes. Especially in circuses.
Indeed the OED gives for the literal definition "esp. one performing in a circus" which strikes me as amusing; let's make sure a pedant who finds a one-trick pony outside of a circus doesn't prove us wrong!
Anyway, their first quotation is:
This from the Oregon Pioneer Association 32nd Ann. Reunion published in 1905. While there may be a degree of figurative use (it would be pedantry to correct them if you found out that this circus had in fact had two clowns, and didn't actually have a pony at all), it is still using "one-trick-pony" to refer to a small horse that has been taught a single trick.
Now, kids today with their games-consoles and their boy-bands and their player-pianos might not be particularly impressed by circus ponies (though circuses do still have ponies and horses that do tricks), and so we don't really have much call to cast aspersions on actual circus ponies that lack versatility, and so the figurative use is now much more common than the literal, but the literal sense is the origin of the figurative, and it really is as simple as being a pony that knows one, but only one, trick.