You could also use the near-synonym perspective:
From the point of view of information theory...
From an information theoretical point of view...
From an information theory point of view...
...from the point of view of information theory.
...from an information theoretical point of view.
...from an information theory point of view.
From the perspective of information theory...
From an information theoretical perspective...
From an information theory perspective...
...from the perspective of information theory.
...from an information theoretical perspective.
...from an information theory perspective.
Are all valid. Perspective has the minor advantage that "point of view" can mean both a way of looking at something, and also an individual opinion, which a field clearly can't have. (A minor advantage only, because it's the sort of semi-ambiguity that can't cause any real confusion, just perhaps break some readers' flow).
I would though say that "information theoretical" reads a bit strangely to me, but that's out of context, and opining strongly on which is or isn't inelegant is pointless without the full sentence, because how each of these flows (or doesn't) with the rest will affect its euphony.
Since this is a scientific paper, if you wanted to include the number, you could also say "consisted of all students who were 13 years of age or older (n=158)."
A phrase often used to describe an age group is cohort:
(definition 6)
a group of persons sharing a particular statistical or demographic characteristic: the cohort of all children born in 1980
Here is a picture using "age cohort" to illustrate.
So I might rewrite the sentence as:
The sample consisted of all students (n=158) in the age cohort over 13.
Best Answer
Scratch the surface is actually an idiomatic expression, you are probably referring to the figurative usage:
(McGraw-Hill Dictionary of American Idioms and Phrasal Verbs. © 2002 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.)