grammaticalitysyntactic-analysis
I would like to write a general sentence followed by a colon and three coordinate sentences in detail separated by commas.
For example:
I had a bad day: my phone was stolen, my leg was broken, and my girlfriend broke up with me.
I don't think it is grammatically correct but how should I correct it with similar sentence structure, or how do I correctly express my idea in this way? Thanks.
Both of these are acceptable, though the focus in each is different.
By placing different parts of sentence at the front, you make them more important.
In the first sentence, the focus is on communication and the inability to do it. You could extend this as follows:
We could not communicate through the phone, though we could use it to (do something else).
In the second, the focus is on the phone and its uselessness in the situation. It could be extended thus:
Through the phone, we could not communicate but through the (something else), we could.
This works when written. However, in spoken language, stress and intonation could alter the focus regardless of word order.
As a matter of preference, I would tend toward the first example, simply because it is the natural order of the sentence without clauses being juggled and extra punctuation being added. I would only choose the second if I specifically wanted to alter the focus, as explained above.
Hope that helps.
Yes, the sentence is grammatically correct; here is a syntax diagram (parse tree) for the sentence: 
Best Answer
There's nothing wrong with the sentence.
There are some people who would tell you to remove the comma before "and" but I am not one of them. Keep the comma.
If your list included phrases that required commas, the commas to separate the items would be semi-colons:
What may sound strange is the odd passivitiy to "my leg was broken". I would usually say "I broke my leg" and not worry about forcing the items in the list to be parallel.