Afterward[s]:
As someone with a background in British English who has studied and lived in the US over the past four years, I would say that "afterwards" is more commonly used in the British, while "afterward" is chiefly found in American usage. To confirm this, I sampled various dictionaries online, both American and British.
However, this does not always follow for words such as "forward[s]", "backward[s]", etc. I will deal with each case separately, treating them all as adverbs:
Forward[s]:
The form "forwards" is rarely ever used in today's English, whether British or American. With or without the "s", the meaning remains unchanged.
Backward[s]: Again, "backward" is chiefly American, while "backwards" is certainly almost always used in the British. (As an adjective, though, "backward" is the correct usage, never with the "s".)
Toward[s]: The form "towards" is the British usage, while "toward" is the American.
Suffixation: Of course, the suffix "-ward[s]" can be tagged onto any word to indicate direction, as in "heavenward", "landward", and so on. As a general rule, it is strictly "-ward" in all adjectives, while adverbs could be "-ward" or "-wards," depending on the user.
And no, the "s" does not indicate plurality.
If I understand you correctly I think you want 'cues'. A 'cue' is a prompt. Context cues would I assume be peripheral ideas and text that one could call upon.
A 'clue' is something altogether different and is something detectives follow when investigating a crime. e.g. 'The only clue they had to work on were some fingerprints on the door handle'.
Best Answer
Let's start with an example from the "real world". When a doctor refers the patient to a specialist, the doctor is giving this person a referral to a specialist. When the patient then sees the specialist, that specialist could think of the original doctor as the patient's referrer.
So, in my opinion the more suitable HTTP term for the URL that brought the user to the current web page is referrer. It is like if that previous URL gave the user the referral to the current page and is therefore the user's referrer to it.
And referer is just a misspelling of referrer.