When typing a sentence, accidentally dropping a word is much more common than accidentally adding a word. I do it often enough in long emails that I have to double check any important draft before I send it.
Is there a term that describes the class of words that, if accidentally dropped, completely invert the meaning of the sentence while the sentence retains grammatical and contextual validity?
For example, not
, just
and if
would exist in this "class" of words:
- Dropping
not
: "The 1930s were not Germany's finest political period" becomes "The 1930s were Germany's finest political period". - Dropping
just
: "Designing space-age rockets was not just hard; it was cool" becomes "Designing space-age rockets was not hard; it was cool". - Dropping
if
: "If the briefcase is his, you will execute the spy" becomes "The briefcase is his, you will execute the spy".
Best Answer
There are really two concepts at play here. The first is logical negation:
So what you define as "invert the meaning" is logical negation and is possible whenever negation is added or removed from a sentence. This covers two of your examples:
The latter is an issue of "just" moving the negation from "just" to "hard". The problem word is still not; it isn't just.
Other examples of this sort are adding or removing "un" or "a" from the beginning of a word:
The third example is really not the same kind of problem as your first two examples.
Dropping if doesn't invert the meaning of the sentence in the same way. Inverting the sentence using negation would be either:
Which means that we need a different type of classification. In this case, the problem is due to removing a conditional and turning the result into a non-conditional command. Other mistakes of the same kind:
From Wikipedia:
If you remove the conditional part of the sentence the whole meaning changes -- or in your words, inverts.