VIP, the acronym for Very Important Person, is from the 1930s, a boom decade for initialisms, according to www.wordorigins.org.
Both Etymonline and the The Dictionary of American Slang say that its earliest usage was in 1933. The usage instance they are referring to is probably the one by Compton Mackenzie in "Water on Brain" as suggested in "www.barrypopik.com":
- At the moment he has a V.I.P. with him’.‥ Miss Glidden seemed to divine his perplexity, for‥she turned round and whispered through a pursed up mouth, ‘Very Important Personage’.
The same site suggests that the acronym may derive from a transliteration of a Russian expression:
- The term was coined between 1940(1935 ?) and 1945, likely by the Royal Air Force. A transliteration of В.И.П., the Russian abbreviation of вecмa имeнитaя пepcoнa (transliterated as “vesima imenitaya persona").
Whatever the case, the usage of VIP took off only about a decade later in military contexts as suggested by www.neatorama.com
- This frequently used contraction was created during World War II by a British officer in charge of organizing flights for important military leaders. In order to conceal the names from enemy spies, each of these were referred to as a "V.I.P." in the flight plan.
Its early usages and its later huge popularity appear to be confirmed also by Google Books.
Questions:
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Was the acronym VIP actually coined by Compton Mackenzie in 1933 or was its usage taken, probably earlier, from a foreign language like Russian for instance?
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When did "VIP" started to be used outside military contexts to refer to people of the show business as it is most frequently used nowadays?
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Why did acronyms become so popular especially during the '30s?
Best Answer
I don't have any information on the rise in popularity of acronyms and initialisms in the 1930s, though I wouldn't be surprised if the popularity of such expressions in the USSR and the rest of the Communist world (NEP, OGPU, CPUSA) had some influence on persuading people that such shortenings were cool, space-efficient, and modern.
In any case my answer deals with the other two questions posed above.
Early matches for 'V.I.P.'
I couldn't find anything earlier than Compton Mackenzie's Water on the Brain (1933). Here is the Mackenzie quotation in full context [combined snippets]:
Multiple sources confirm that this book was published in 1n 1933, although the version I consulted was a 1954 edition. Of related interest, according to Eric Partridge, A Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English, eighth edition (1984), Water on the Brain also contains one of the earliest instances of another initialism, h.s.:
You can see that usage, in context, here.
The earliest match I could find for V.I.P. is from H.T.W. Bousfield, "The Only Girl Who Wasn't a Bore," in The Windsor Magazine, volume 79 (December 1933–May 1934), page 332 [combined snippets], which uses the abbreviation many times and, like Mackenzie, reports that the P. stands for "Personage." Here is the beginning of Bousfield's story:
Both the 1933 usage by Compton Mackenzie and the 1934 usage by H.T.W. Bousfield involve VIPs who are high-ranking British officials, but whether they are in the military or the foreign service or some other branch of officialdom is by no means clear—and my impression is that the authors don't think it matters much. The min point to be noticed here is that the shortening to V.I.P. does seem to have originated in British English and probably spread to U.S. speakers and writers during the war years.
'V.I.P.' applied to nonmilitary personages
During the war years, V.I.P. got a lot of play in the military, which may have inclined people (at least briefly) to suppose that it referred explicitly and exclusively to high-ranking military personnel. But Louis Shores, Highways in the Sky: The Story of the AACS (1947) [combined snippets]observes that during the war civilian statesmen could also be VIPs:
In the same year, Collie Knox, It Had to Be Me (1947) [combined snippets] seems to use V.I.P. to refer to anyone important enough for Collie Knox to interview:
And again in 1947, we find an early instance in which someone with an agenda describes non-VIPs as VIPS. From Telephony (1947) [combined snippets]:
Once telephone subscribers have become VIPs for purposes of a phone company PR campaign, it's hard to see why anyone else (including show-business personalities) would be exempt. But I daresay that Edward G. Robinson and Bob Hope went on USO tours to Europe during World War II to bolster troop morale, they traveled as VIPs.