The popular idiomatic expression the mother of all (something) means:
- an extreme example of something. Donny's car crash was the mother of all crashes. Hundreds will travel to Stonehenge, the mother of all places to celebrate the longest day of the year.
From: Cambridge Dictionary of American Idioms
It appears that it was originated during a famous speech by the president of Iraq in 1991: Etymology:
- Calque from Arabic; popularized in 1991 after its use by Saddam Hussein, then president of Iraq, in reference to the Gulf War as ام المعارك (umm al-ma‘ārik, “mother of battles”).
From: Wiktionary
Ngram shows earlier usages but was the phrase commonly used before 1991, and if not, what alternative idiomatic expression, if any, was used to convey the same concept?
Best Answer
The English translation of Saddam Hussein's phrase, cited by the Independent on January 19 1991, is as follows
The OED (not behind a paywall) says
Despite what the Ngram chart below shows, the saying was unknown in English before 1990.
If we check the results between 1984 and 1990, Google Books claim that “mother of battles” first appeared in 1990 but this is most probably due to an OCR error; the foreshadowing book, Battlefield of the Future, was actually first printed in 1995.
We can, however, be confident in stating the phrase “mother of all battles” has always been the more popular, and that it reached a peak during 1994/95. Since the late 1990s, both variants have maintained a steady trend.
From Oxford Dictionaries, we further learn…
When Saddam Hussein used the Arab expression ‘umm al-maʿārik’ he was evoking the historic victory of the Arab Muslim army over the Sassanid Persian army in 636. The conquest of Persia was fought in the name of Islam and led to the conquest of Iraq, which was under Sasanian rule at that time. The successive fall of the Sasanian empire (224 to 651 AD) also led to the decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Iran (Persia).
Thus the expression ‘umm al-maʿārik’ was already familiar with the Iraqis, Saddam Hussein had not coined the phrase, he had had only brought it to the attention of the mass media in the Western world.
Furthermore, there are several usages of mother of all– in the Quran, said to be written between 609 and 632
Therefore, in the Muslim world, the expression mother of all– refers to something that is the most extreme example, the epitome of its kind.