[Ethereum] Why does a miner still pay gas for a reverted transaction

As per your code, the owner of your contract is the Account Address with which you deploy the contract on the network:

constructor() public { owner = msg.sender; ////For eg. 0xca35b7d915458ef540ade6068dfe2f44e8fa733c -> JS VM }

Now since the transferOwnership() function call uses the modifier "onlyOwner", it mandates msg.sender for this transaction should be same as the deployer of the contract.

Hope it helps!!

Ethereum transactions follow a certain low-level structure:

• from: address (signed by this)
• to: address
• value: uint (ether)
• data: message data bytes

The first four bytes of data are a function selector, where the selector is derived from a hash of the function name (source code) and arguments, truncated to four bytes. After that comes the arguments. That's all unpacked when it arrives so the EVM knows which function to run and the input arguments.

Remix is uses the source code to work out the friendly function interface, above, with each function named and the arguments accepted and conveniently packed into calldata for you.

It is also possible to create the message data yourself (by some other method), and use calldata to send your raw transaction data.

Hope it helps.