In playthrough 1, outside of the DLC, there's no such thing as scaling. Enemy levels are determined solely by the area they're in and your mission (certain missions effectively "level up" areas, notably Sanctuary and The Dust). You can easily check the level of an area by checking out the vending machines in the area, they sell items scaled to the level.
DLC in playthrough 1 scales to your level...ish. It maxes out at level 30. I played the DLC as a level 34 character and was disappointed to see everything was at level 30 in playthrough 1. Not sure if it has a minimum level it scales to.
Playthrough 2 works the same way until you beat the Final Boss; then everything in that playthrough scales to your level (except mission rewards for missions picked up before the final boss).
Playthrough 3 works the same was as Playthrough 2 after the final boss: Everything scales to your level, period. In team play, it will always be scaled to the highest level player's level. And you have to be at least level 50 to unlock it, so enemies are effectively level 50-61 at all times. Though if you take a mission before leveling up, the mission will still stay at that lower level, as always.
Basically the game works like a standard RPG without level scaling until you A) beat the game twice (because you should be maxed out anyway) or B) enter a DLC (because you can do that at any time so a preset level would be a really bad idea)
Based on this forum post and personal experience, Vermivorous cannot spawn on normal mode. According to the description in the video below, he'll spawn at level 42 in playthrough 2 and 53 in 2.5.
Thanks to Orc JMR for additional information
Best Answer
mmathews comment is correct. You can go through Digistruct in all modes. But you will only unlock OP1 if you are: a) in Ultimate Vault Hunter Mode, and b) level 72.
Once you are OP1, you will unlock higher OPs by beating the run in rooms at least equal to your current OP, up to OP8.
Technically, you only need to beat the final boss under those conditions. You get the OP level and the wall of text after beating the boss, not upon turning in the mission.