Can you evolve a Pancham after level 32 in sword

It is not really possible to tell if it is too powerful without engaging the battle. Once you started the battle, you can tell by their level.

The ability to catch higher level pokemon is tied to the number of gym badges you acquired so far. It goes as follows:

• No Badge: up to level 20
• First Badge: up to level 25
• Second Badge: up to level 30

this goes on in intervals of 5 levels all the way up to 8 Badges, at which point the level cap is removed.

The pokemon can spawn with different levels as well, take your Onix encounter as an example. Consider you having 1 badge meaning you could catch Onix up to level 25, you might encounter one that is level 30 or higher, meaning its too powerful. However there are also lower level Onix spawns as well, say you encounter a level 10 Onix instead meaning it would not be too powerful to catch.

After doing multiple raid battles, I have determined that Pokemon caught from raids are the same for everybody.

A few days ago, I finally finished the story and acquired the IV Check you obtain from the battle tower. My friend and I compared Pokemon recently caught from raids, as well as ones from long before I finished the story. Upon our comparisons, IVs, Nature, Ability, and Moveset were the same for every Pokemon that we both caught.