In Kerbal Space Program, Science depends on the location and the type of experiment.
Altitude Corridor
In detail, for Kerbin, this makes five altitude corridors (with some caveats):
- On the Ground (0m)
- Lower Atmosphere (≤ 18km)
- Upper Atmosphere (≤ 69km)
- Near Space (≤ 250km)
- Outer Space (> 250km)
Biomes
On top of that, Kerbin knows various biomes:
- Grasslands
- Highlands
- Mountains
- Deserts
- Badlands
- Tundra
- Ice Caps
- Water
- Shores
Additionally, the Space Center also has various mini-biomes which return separate results, but only when on the ground (above ground, the whole space center counts as "Shores"):
- Administration
- Astronaut Complex
- Crawlerway
- Flag Pole
- LaunchPad
- Mission Control
- R&D
- Runway
- SPH
- Tracking Station
- VAB
Experiments
Depending on the experiment, some of these altitude corridors have per-biome results, others only have one result for the entire corridor.
In particular:
The Surface Sample is a biome-dependant surface-only experiment.
The EVA Report is biome-dependant on the surface, in the lower atmosphere and in near space; it is global everywhere else.
The Crew Report is biome-dependant on the surface and in the lower atmosphere; it is global everywhere else.
The Mystery Goo Observation (available through the Mystery Goo™ Containment Unit from the Basic Rocketry tech node) is biome-dependant on the surface; it is global everywhere else.
Storing Experiments
There can only be one crew report per part that produces a crew report (that is, per capsule), which is stored in the part. It can be transmitted, in which case it makes space for a new crew report.
Both the EVA report and the Surface Sample experiments can be stored in the capsule as well, with each combination of altitude corridor and biome once. So, you can store a surface sample from every biome, and EVA reports from every biome all at once.
Transmitting Results
Results can either be recovered by landing the craft on Kerbin and then recovering it from the Tracking Station (or from the craft view, where it's hidden at the top of the screen), or by transmitting them home.
Transmission is hardly effective this early into the tech tree - you lack the electricity to send the results back. Nevertheless, you can - for example - send back one crew report to make space for another, so here's some information about transmission as well:
Every experiment has a transmission efficiency, which reduces the Science yield on transmission (as opposed to recovery).
In the case of the Surface Sample this is 25%, which makes them an undesirable candidate for transmission.
Similarly, the Mystery Goo Observation has only 30% efficiency.
All reports (be that EVA or Crew), however, return a full 100%.
No, there is no explicit bonus for completing more than one contract in the same flight. However, trying to do so can often safe you some time and money. Some test contracts are really only profitable when you do them as secondary goals on a flight which also has other purposes.
Do not hesitate to decline contracts which don't earn you enough to justify a launch and don't fit together well with other contracts you already accepted. When you decline a contract before accepting it, it will be replaced with a new one which might be easier to fulfill.
However, you should avoid declining contracts, because this will give you a reputation penalty. When you don't have any interesting contracts in the command center, wait a few days until contracts time out and are replaced with new ones. Also, the game notices which kind of contracts you accept and will then give you more of these. So you might want to accept some low-risk-low-reward contracts from your favorite category just so you can get some more lucrative ones.
Best Answer
The first contracts you get from the record-keeping society as well as the "explore [Planet/Moon]" contracts are not repeatable, but all other contracts are randomly-generated. Those contract types which don't have very specific requirements feel kind of repetitive. Especially the "retrieve science from Kerbin orbit" contract seems to repeat indefinitely - only the name of the client seems to change.
But you do not have to accept any contracts you don't like. You can decline any unaccepted contract
without a penalty, although there is a small prestige penalty for this since version 1.1. Most contracts will then get immediately replaced with a similar one. When you ignore new contracts, they will expire after a few days and also get replaced, in that case without a prestige penalty.