You can find all the informations you need on the wiki.
Basically at the start of the game you're given a treshold of 30 Naughtyness.
Every action damaging a "nice" creature subtracts points from this treshold according to the following table:
When you reach 0, one or more Krampii (Krampuses?) will spawn, depending on the days you've survived:
Every 60 seconds spent not doing naughty actions will increase your threshold by one, so this means that if you try to space out your killings in time, you can safely keep hunting for your meat without fearing to meet Krampus. On the table above the "Treshold" column indicates the maximum naughtiness you can have. It has been put in there because it's supposed to go down the more days you play, but there's still an uncertainty on the exact numbers, hence the interval.
Loot that graveyard for research before you decide to move on!
It doesn't sound like you have a terrible world, but also not a super easy one. Having a rock field handy is a bonus, as is having early berries. The only thing you are missing that I find super useful for starting out is a bunch of rabbits.
There are a bunch of other food sources -- perhaps you even have tallbird eggs in your rock field? I'd say try a few games to see if you can get the hang of keeping yourself fed from the other food sources, but if you're just not feeling it, there's no harm in rerolling your world to see if you can't find one more to your liking.
For a first-time player world, food sources are the best things to have nearby, as well as ENOUGH rocks -- at least a fair number of rocks in the fields, if not a biome actually dedicated to them. Graveyards are great and the best way to boost your research quickly and early, but these don't renew in a game, so in the long-term they don't really need to be right by your base. Pigmen are also great if you're planning to make it a long-term game, but if you're just looking to get started, there's no reason they need to be close to your home base. If you happen to start near beefalo, that's great, but they aren't an instant fix for food problems.
Also for players just starting off, swamps are a pain. Tentacles can finish you off very quickly if you don't have armor and get caught by one. A swamp CAN be run through successfully, but in general they are just worse than other biomes near to start.
Best Answer
You will get warnings when a Hound attack is imminent in the form of growling sounds. Your character will also make a comment to that effect. When they appear, the growling sounds are replaced by panting and running sounds.
Best way to counter hounds is to build walls so that there is only one entrance and path that leads to the player. Line this path with tooth traps, and hounds will kill themselves when they run over trying to reach you.
You can also stand near beefalo herds (not in heat) because hounds target any living creatures nearby when they bark. Beefalos can quickly dispatch hounds and you can farm items off of both as long as you pick up the items before they burn. Same strategy if you are near a marsh,killer bee hives or frog ponds, pig village, tallbirds, etc.
If you are alone, try to prepare. A better weapon than a spear, a helmet and some armor work wonders. Manage your inventory so you're carrying what's necessary (grass, twigs, flint, wood, food, healing, sanity, heat stone, weapon, extra armor).
If you are alone and haven't prepared, then you have to fight smart. When a hound bites, it pauses for a brief moment. You can dodge the bite and hit twice during this period.
If you are unprepared to fight and decide to run, then use a walking cane or use a road. Otherwise, a hound has faster move-speed than you and you might be chased down. Don't forget to build a torch or two in advance so you won't be surprised by night!