Since my answer is so long already I add it at the top and it's regarding your troubles targeting mobs: Pressing V enables enemy name plates which makes it for me infinitely easier to pick out targets - still hard sometimes but so much better than without.
As Hex mentions, using Alt, Shift and Ctrl helps already a lot.
Now one thing I strongly recommend is to bind Strafe Left/Right to A and D respectively (you don't need to turn around with keyboard anymore - you do this with your mouse).
This gives you another two buttons (Q and E). I admit that when I first did that switch I had a lot of problems myself: being mounted on my mage, riding along in AV when I wanted to strafe right and hit E - I dismount and do Arcane Explosions. That might happen a few times but then never again and you've won 2 close keys you can use for keybindings.
All the stuff here is a lot of personal preference but I will put it here anyway so it might give you an idea.
I will list here a few hot keys (some with combinations of modifiers such als Alt, Shift, Ctrl). Granted, some of those unbind other functions but I never really use them.
F,X,Z,\ - Just around WASD - I even use R for my abilities and reply/rewhisper with 7 and 8 respectively.
Shift1,2,3,4 - these are bound to switch action bars by default, which I find terribly annoying - so good riddance.
ShiftE
ShiftSpace
ShiftX
If you have more than just left and right click on your mouse, use them aswell. Just read you have a G9, just with the 2 buttons at the side you have 6 more possibilities at your hand:
ShiftMousebutton 4
ShiftMousebutton 5
CtrlMousebutton 4
CtrlMousebutton 5
AltMousebutton 4
AltMousebutton 5
Again, this all comes down to personal preference but going away from clicking/keyboard turning to hotkeys/mouse turning is the right step. I don't think I could have made ANY top 10 world of logs appearances in ICC with clicking and keyboard turning.
Best Answer
There is currently no way to advance time with a keyboard and mouse setup. It is possible on consoles and on PC with a controller only.
I initially thought that the arrows on either side on the hourglass were for time control, but either they aren't or it hasn't been implemented yet/correctly.
Perhaps a future patch will see the introduction of time control in tactical view on keyboard and mouse, but it does not exist at the moment.