To answer your question, I decided to experiment with your build. I tried to replicate your fireplace as accurately as I could, while limiting the size of the structure surrounding it:
I tried to keep the base structure of the fireplace as close to identical as I could.
I first attempted the fire with the wood planks shown in your pictures:
Unfortunately, the wood burned down to nothing, and the fire eventually died. I then tried it with Netherrack.
Everything seemed to be going well. I thought I'd successfully completed the experiment, when suddenly:
EVERYTHING QUICKLY WENT HORRIBLY WRONG!!
The end result to follow:
Alas, my structure (house) was destroyed. I feel I didn't even get to know my creation, for it died within minutes of me setting the fire.
Long story short, NO. The fire will spread to your house.
five wooden blocks were harmed in the making of this answer
EDIT It is worth noting, however, that out of the 4 times I've rebuilt/retested, every time the fire has started at the bushes along the outside of the fireplace.
I'm afraid there is no way to cause more villagers to spawn without going into creative mode and/or cheating in spawn eggs.
If you do attempt to move them, note that you only need 2, as they will breed.
To prevent this from happening again, you can cause iron golems to spawn to protect your villagers by having at least 21 houses and 10 villagers.
To get ten villagers, you need to build 29 houses, but then you can cut them back down 21 if you want.
Iron golems spawn every 10 villagers and 21 houses, so you could spawn several.
Best Answer
The line is perpendicular to the closed door's facing, or in other words, the line is perpendicular to the wall. It goes 5 blocks inwards and 5 blocks outwards.