Minecraft – How to delete ender dragon in unloaded chunks – overworld

Adding Tags to the item will not be set as the entity's Tags data. All the item data itself will be lost except for Potion and CustomPotionEffects, which are copied to the arrow entity if existent.

Tipped arrows will be necessary, but you can apply custom effects to reduce any issues should it strike a player or mob, such as setting the duration to 0. Currently the Instant Healing effect does not function on tipped arrows, but you may need to switch to something else should it work in the future.

The amplifier would be how you'd differentiate arrows from one another.

Example arrows to provide:

/give @p minecraft:tipped_arrow 64 0 {CustomPotionEffects:[{Id:6b,Duration:0,Amplifier:0b}]}

/give @p minecraft:tipped_arrow 64 0 {CustomPotionEffects:[{Id:6b,Duration:0,Amplifier:1b}]}

Then you'd label those arrows based on the effects it has, with the amplifier making each one unique:

/scoreboard players tag @e[type=Arrow,tag=!tntarrow] add tntarrow {CustomPotionEffects:[{Id:6b,Duration:0,Amplifier:0b}]}

/scoreboard players tag @e[type=Arrow,tag=!custom2] add custom2 {CustomPotionEffects:[{Id:6b,Duration:0,Amplifier:1b}]}

And finally, target based on that label:

/say @e[type=Arrow,tag=tntarrow] is a "tntarrow".

Place the command block in the spawn chunk for the world. this chunk is always loaded and therefore the command will always run when you want it to.