If there are any blocks marked to be infected they will turn to taint even after you disabled it in .cfg,but they won't spread afterwards.So make sure you give it enough time to really stop spreading before you declare yourself crazy.
Check your .cfg for "aura.Taintspawn" some people say you need to disable this but to me it looks like it is only a different name used for same setting,probably from older version.
Bodies of water (rivers,lakes,sea...) can't become tainted,but the taint as the infection can spread through them ; meaning,if you have 2 islands where only one of them is tainted,after enough time both of them will end up tainted.The taint will grow as it usually does through the water blocks,you just can't see it until it emerges on the surface somewhere else.In shallow waters sometimes you can see it spread on the seabed.
Even if you manage to completely stop the spreading of taint you can still infect the land by yourself using vials with taint,magic cauldron...or any similar pollutants.
If Tainted Creeper explodes outside tainted area,it will make even large crater and will also corrupt some blocks.
Tainted Testificates release gas that can make some tainted areas grow even more.
Tainted Sheep can vomit taint.
Assuming you have the "sentry gun" shooting arrows, you would use the command:
/summon Arrow x y z {damage:1,Motion:[x.0,y.0,z.0]}
You would have to plug into the first set of coordinates where you want the arrows to be shooting from, and the direction the arrows are shooting in the second. TIP: The higher the number you set for your direction (second set of coordinates, the faster the arrow will travel! You can set anything for the damage (except dont get too crazy :P)
As for your "Tool Box" Idea, you can do the test for command on a redstone ticker:
testfor @e[x,y,z,r,type=Item] {Item:{id:minecraft:iron_block}}
(Unfortunately, you cant test for a custom named block/entity - at least to my knowledge) Run a comparator out of this command block, to another command block (does not NEED to be a command block). This will start a fast ticking redstone clock on another command block. This command block will have the command:
testfor @e[x,y+1,z,r,type=Item] {Item:{id:minecraft: ... }}
Make sure that the coordinates you plug into the last testfor command have y+1 the y coordinate of the testfor command before that. This means it will test for the item on top of your "tool box". Run a comparator out of that command block to start the /summon Arrow command, or in other words, start up your sentry!
(The arrows are seen only as little black dots in this photo, but thats because I have the speed ramped up :)
Basically, its a system of Testing positive for an iron block at x y z - starting ticker to test for ... entity at x y+1 z - testing positive for ... entity at x y+1 z - starting ticker to shoot "sentry gun"
Hope this helps
Best Answer
You can create tainted land by throwing "Bottled Taint"