Minecraft – What Happens If I Run My Advanced Pump Continuously

If there is no room for more liquid in the pipes then no more liquid will be extracted. This can be easily verified with some of the Forestry machines which have internal tanks and a rollover on them which displays in detail how much liquid is currently in the tank.

When you shut down the server, Minecraft unloads all chunks. When you start it again, it begins with no chunks loaded, and loads chunks as players log in. Because it hasn't 'looked' at the chunks with the world anchors in them, Minecraft doesn't know that they need to stay loaded. So long as a chunk is loaded, a world anchor can keep it loaded, but they cannot cause a chunk to load if it isn't already loaded.