This is something I've fixed recently and thought I'd document for benefit of others, as it's so obscure.
When anyone on my network downloads a custom StarCraft 2 map, the map download will fail (or appear to fail and later work) and all connections (even on other computers) will be dropped; they'll sign out of battlenet, skype, msn, and pings will time out for a brief moment.
Best Answer
The solution is to fire up cmd and reduce MTU size;
Where "Local Area Connection" is the device name for the adapter you connect to bnet through.
The problem was the router; Belkin F5D7633-4. Even the latest firmware only allows TCP/IP packets to be ~1492 bytes, despite 1500 being ethernet max. My theory is that the router was fragmenting the packets, and then either this process or the response from battlenet to these router-fragmented packets caused the router to crash.
The MTU value I determined following this process;