The small blue dot (at position 1 on your screenshot) indicates that location on the map has a waypoint that you have not activated. As per your second question, entering a region that does have a waypoint without activating it will result in a small blue dot.
The large blue dot (at position 2 on your screenshot) indicates that the location has a waypoint that you have activated.
Whether or not an area has a waypoint will not become apparent until you have entered an area (before entering the area, it will show as an empty dot, as per the other areas on your map). As long as you've discovered the area you will be able to simply use the world map to see if there was/is a waypoint there.
Additionally, the name of the are has an icon next to it if there is a waypoint at that location:
No, multiple instances of the burning ground damage from Fire Trap will NOT stack.
Only different sources of burning damage can stack. For example, an Ignite debuff from a spell's critical hit and the Fire Trap ground burn will stack.
When 2 of the same burning sources are present the highest damage source will take effect. Multiple effects can still apply, like 2 Ignites on one mob, but only the highest damage one will actually deal damage.
Once the highest damage effect ends, if another instance of that effect was applied and still has duration left, it will then do what damage it has left. This goes for Righteous Fire, Ignite, and Fire Trap's ground burn effect. Searing Bond, a recently added skill, is an exception and the beams can stack with itself.
This is why you should try to spread out Fire traps a little bit whenever possible.
Posted by Mark_GGG, PoE developer and creator of the games skills and their mechanics.
...Ignite, RF, ground fire and now Searing Bond are all separate
sources of burning damage, and all stack. Ignite, RF and ground fire
do not stack with themselves (only the highest of each takes effect at
a time), but do with each other.
Searing bond beams stack.
As of Patch 1.0.5 Searing Bond Beams no longer stack.
Best Answer
This page on PoE Wikipedia says
Righteous Fire does not hit, but its burning damage per second is still increased by 40% of the base fire damage a character would deal. Therefore both modifiers have the same effect.
I tried this with Demi's RF Build using Path of Building . I removed all Jewels he used, resulting in 402887.5 DoT DPS. Adding a Jewel with 16% increased Burning Damage resulted in calculated DoT DPS of 411467.1 . Adding a 16% increased Fire Damage Jewel instead resulted also in 411467.1 DoT DPS.