Remember the typical disclaimer about playtest material. I don't think the designers considered that scenario yet. There are two options within the description of Bag of Holding that it could lead to.
Bag is Destroyed
The first is considering the bag "destroyed", which seems the most likely outcome RAW:
If the bag is overloaded, pierced, or torn, it ruptures and is destroyed, and its contents are scattered in the Astral Plane.
Bag is turned out
The other option is consider it to be turned inside out:
If the bag is turned inside out, its contents spill forth, unharmed, but the bag must be put right before it can be used again.
Which is much more generous to the player, and in line with the Artificer's Infusion of Many Pockets:
If this infusion ends, the items stored in the shared space move into one of the pouches, determined at random. The rest of the pouches become empty.
[W]ill his now defunct Bag of Holding drop its payload for extreme success?
Neither of these options would set off the TNT. One them takes the TNT and dumps it into the astral plane. The other dumps the TNT, unlight, on the floor.
Also, keep in mind you can only infuse after just finishing a long rest, so doing so in battle is typically impossible or at least very unwise -- unless you were ambushed at the end of a long rest:
Whenever you finish a long rest, you can touch a nonmagical object and imbue it with one of your artificer infusions, turning it into a magic item.
To infuse an item, you need the nonmagical version of that item.
The artificer's Infuse Item feature states (TCoE p. 12, E:RftLW p. 57, WGtE p. 179; emphasis mine):
At 2nd level, you gain the ability to imbue mundane items with
certain magical infusions. [...] Whenever you finish a long rest, you
can touch a non-magical object and imbue it with one of your
artificer infusions, turning it into a magic item. An infusion works
on only certain kinds of objects, as specified in the infusion’s
description.
The Artificer Infusions section at the end of the class description states (TCoE p. 20, E:RftLW p. 61, WGtE p. 181; emphasis mine):
The description of each of the following infusions details the type
of item that can receive it, along with whether the resulting magic
item requires attunement.
And finally, the description of the Replicate Magic Item infusion states (TCoE p. 22, E:RftLW p. 63, WGtE p. 182; emphasis mine):
[...] Alternatively, you can choose the magic item from among the
common magic items in the game, not including potions or scrolls.
In the tables, an item’s entry tells you whether the item requires
attunement. See the item’s description in the Dungeon Master’s Guide
for more information about it, including the type of object required
for its making.
Each of these portions I've bolded make it clear that you need a nonmagical version of the item to infuse, whether you're using Replicate Magic Item or one of the other artificer infusions.
Even though the Dungeon Master's Guide doesn't actually say "[X] is the type of item needed to make [Y]" for any listed magic item (as far as I know), this sentence seems to refer to the fact that each magic item that can be replicated is essentially an enhanced version of a clearly identifiable mundane item.
For instance, boots of elvenkind are boots, so the clear implication is that you would need mundane boots to infuse if you want to use Replicable Magic Item to make boots of elvenkind. This follows the same logic as the Boots of the Winding Path infusion (TCoE p. 21, E:RftLW p. 62, WGtE p. 181), which does explicitly state:
Item: A pair of boots [...]
In the case of your example, the description of cast-off armor states (XGtE, p. 136; emphasis mine):
Armor (light, medium, or heavy), common
Thus, you need a nonmagical version of whatever kind of armor you want to turn into cast-off armor. If you want cast-off half plate armor, you need a nonmagical set of half plate armor to imbue with that infusion.
The Replicate Magic Item infusion doesn't create a magic item from thin air - it gives you the ability to imbue a certain mundane version of that item with the necessary magic to function as that magic item.
Best Answer
The (infused) Bag of Holding weighs as much as a (non-infused) Bag of Holding
When you use the Replicate Magic Item infusion, you are... replicating a magic item:
This is reinforced by the description of the Infuse Item feature (emphasis added):
So, the backpack that was infused to create a Bag of Holding is literally a Bag of Holding as long as it remains infused. Unless otherwise noted, the properties of the item are identical to the non-infusion-based version of the magic item being replicated. That includes the item's weight.