[RPG] Does D&D 3.5e have rules for firearms

I'd recommend taking a look at the recent D&D Gamma World game, and how they abstract weapons, including guns.

For ranged weapons, you have three choices to make: one or two handed; light or heavy; "gun" or "weapon"

• one handed weapons do less damage and have less range when compared to two handed weapons.
• light weapons are more accurate and use Dex or Int as the attack stat, but do less damage when compared to heavy weapons which use Str or Con.
• "guns" require that you pay attention to ammo, have longer range, and for light weapons increase accuracy, while for heavy weapons increase damage when compared to "weapons"

Ammo for "guns" is handled with a very simple mechanic: Shoot once per encounter, and you never run out. Shoot many times in an encounter, and at the end of the encounter, you're out of ammo and need to find some more.

Non guns are assumed to have recoverable/easily findable/easily makable ammunition, and so you can shoot as often as you like, and never run out.

Examples:

A sling or a hand crossbow could both be light, one handed "weapons": Dex or Int +3 to attack, 1d8 damage, range 5

A tommy gun or a hunting rifle could both be heavy, two handed "guns": Str or Con +2 to attack 2d10 damage, range 20.

You unwittingly have two different questions without realizing it.

Question 1: How do I avoid injuring my allies with the Prismatic Burst on my melee weapon?

Answer 1: Easily. The Prismatic Burst weapon enhancement only affects the target of your confirmed critical hit. "Whenever you score a successful critical hit with this weapon, . . . , subjecting the target to a prismatic spray effect." You do not get a free casting of the spell on an area, but just an effect on a single target.

Question 2: How do I avoid injuring my allies with area-effect spells?

Answer 2: By spell selection and tactics. This can be a big and dramatic part of D&D 3.5 tactical combat. One climactic moment in a game I played involved me defeating our opponent with a fireball that killed one of the party, but saved the rest of us from almost certain doom. Those using area effect spells also generally choose their zones very carefully to maximize damage to the enemy and to avoid injuring allies. While the tactics are not historical in any way, this does lead to in-game tactics of spreading apart and using cover. Regardless, you generally cannot fireball into a melee without endangering your allies: it's one of the trade-offs.